In 1941-1944, SS camp physicians Friedrich Entress, Helmuth Vetter, and Eduard Wirths carried out clinical trials of the tolerance and efficacy of new medications and drugs, with such ode names as B-1012, B-1O34, B-1O36, 3582, P-111, rutenolu, and peristonu, on Auschwitz Concentration Camp prisoners. An elderly Vogel dies after having a poisoned syringe plunged into his back, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Many of them were at the point of exhaustion, in the Musselman state, in the final stages of starvation to death. Tel Aviv, Israel. He initially lived in and around Buenos Aires, then fled to Paraguay in 1959 and Brazil in 1960, all while being sought by West Germany, Israel, and Nazi hunters such as Simon Wiesenthal, who wanted to bring him to trial. ', Many Bills fans stumped by identity of social media influencer who announced third-round pick, Ex-Sabres defenseman Christian Ehrhoff, on the payroll through 2027-28, comes out of retirement to play in Germany, Bills' draft grades from Buffalo News writers show hits and misses, Nicholas D'Angelo pleads guilty to 8 felonies in rape case, Departure of 5 UB women's basketball commits raises eyebrows among coaches, analysts, Erik Brady: 20 years later, Drew Rosenhaus recounts how he fooled the Bills into drafting Willis McGahee, Mark Gaughan: Buffalo Bills' winners and losers after 2023 NFL draft, Alan Pergament: JP starts on WECK Monday after all; Jennifer Stanonis rejoins WGRZ-TV, Seneca Nation plans to bid for McKinley Mall, Former waitress sentenced to 2 to 5 years in prison in $50,000 lottery scheme, Bills trade up in first round, select Utah tight end Dalton Kincaid at No. You might expect some intelligent thought on the subject from director John Madden, who's chiefly known for the glum Edith Wharton adaptation Ethan Frome and the brainy romp Shakespeare in Love. Type of Villain [84] Irene Mengele and the family in Gnzburg also alleged that he had died. Elias story in Bernard Edinger, Claude Lanzmann Does it Again, The Jerusalem Report, (January 22, 2018). Mengele also began selecting dwarves and persons with physical peculiarities (including inborn disabilities and the developmental defects that appear in dwarfism) from the Jewish transports brought to Birkenau for extermination, from the Jewish Theresienstadt Family Camp in Birkenau, and from the so-called Mexico (Sector BIII). They have been honored in their country by their action for more than 30 years. New arrivals that were judged able to work were admitted into the camp, while those deemed unsuitable for labor were sent to the gas chambers. The third, David (Ciarn Hinds), unheard of since the sixties, has just turned up, too, looking dark, distraught, in a panic. Dr. Mengele allegedly did surgery for the purpose of torturing the prisoners at Birkenau. [c] The Stammers later bought a bungalow in the Eldorado neighborhood of Diadema, So Paulo, which they rented out to Mengele. 25 overall in NFL draft, The prayerful goal for Bills and Sabres owner Kim Pegula: 'Full recovery', Springville teacher charged with possessing child pornography, Instagram mom convicted for fabricating story about kids' kidnapping, King Charles and Queen Camilla's will use thrones recycled from King George VI's coronation, Rare images captured of butterflies taking flight after emerging from chrysalis, Ride like royalty! He drowned in 1979 after suffering a stroke while swimming off the coast of Bertioga, and was buried under the false name of Wolfgang Gerhard. People are also reading She leaves a note for the journalist and prepares to leave, but suddenly spots Vogel in his 80s by now among the other patients and follows him to an isolated area of the hospital. [55], Mengele's eye experiments included attempts to change the eye color by injecting chemicals into the eyes of living subjects, and he killed people with heterochromatic eyes so that the eyes could be removed and sent to Berlin for study. Three Mossad agents Rachel (Jessica Chastair) Stephen (Martin Csokas) David (Sam Worthington) set out in 1965 to capture a Nazi war criminal Dieter Vogel (Jesper Christensen) the surgeon of Birkenau but when the film reverts to 1997 Rachel is Helen Mirren, Stephen is Tom Wilkinson and David is Ciaran Hinds. She said, I delivered a beautiful big blonde girl, but Mengele ordered that my breast be bound so that, as he said, We can see how long a newborn baby can survive without food. After watching her baby suffer for several days, a female Czech doctor gave Elias a syringe with an overdose of morphine to end the childs agony. [86][87] Argentina initially refused the extradition request because the fugitive was no longer living at the address given on the documents; by the time extradition was approved on 30June, Mengele had already fled to Paraguay and was living on a farm near the Argentine border. The Debt begins in 1997, in Tel Aviv, where Rachel (Helen Mirren), the agent who allegedly brought Vogel down, is one of her countrys heroes and newly celebrated in a book by her daughter, Sarah (Romi Aboulafia). During his shift, David becomes violently enraged after Vogel explains his beliefs that Jews have many weaknesses, such as selfishness, making them easily subdued. You see, the punch line spoiler alert is that the threesome didnt actually kill Vogel, as they told Israel and the world. Mengele eluded capture in spite of extradition requests by the West German government and clandestine operations by the Israeli intelligence agency Mossad. [43] Nyiszli and others reported that the twin studies may also have been motivated by an intention to uncover strategies for 'racially desirable' Germans to reproduce more twins. August 26, 2011, An Injection of Class: Helen Mirren excels as a former Mossad agent in ?The Debt.? [122], In February 2010, a 180-page volume of Mengele's diary was sold by Alexander Autographs at auction for an undisclosed sum to the grandson of a Holocaust survivor. At her third appointment, Rachel injects Vogel with a sedative during an examination and induces the nurse (Vogel's wife) to believe that he has suffered a heart attack. He served in this capacity at the gas chambers located in crematoria IV and V.[39], When an outbreak of nomaa gangrenous bacterial disease of the mouth and facestruck the Romani camp in 1943, Mengele initiated a study to determine the cause of the disease and develop a treatment. The results of the X-ray sterilization experiments were unsatisfactory. Concurrently, David is escorted from his apartment by an Israeli government agent for a debriefing. As it turns out, at least two of them are also racked by guilt. Unfinished business; Israeli agents hailed for killing a Nazi war criminal confront a long-kept secret. In January 1942, he joined the 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking as a battalion medical officer. (Not all that high-minded: The harsh neo-Israeli gutturals that pass for period Hebrew produce a distractingly comic effect, like a funeral fedora worn slightly askew.). [19] Nazi Germany attempted to obtain this new territory by attacking Poland and the Soviet Union, intending to deport or kill the Jews and Slavs living there, who were considered by the Nazis to be inferior to the Aryan master race. Eytan Fox's excellent 2004 film Walk on Water skillfully integrated the excitement of the chase with humane, intelligent reflection about what a man does to himself when he lowers himself to the standards of the oppressor. Jesper Christensen's performance as Vogel stands out as chilling, an eerie mixing of grandfatherly charisma and cold hatred. (Well, its original.). This email will be used to sign into all New York sites. The victims corpses were sent to Hirt as material for his skeleton collection, which was intended for use in anthropological studies that would demonstrate the superiority of the Nordic race. Sure, the films most suspenseful moments are still there the moments when Rachel, pretending to be trying to conceive, visits the surgeon of Birkenau, now in hiding as a gynecologist practicing in East Berlin. [45] His research subjects lived in their own barracks, where they were provided with a marginally better quality of food and somewhat improved living conditions than the other areas of the camp. Later, at David's flat, Stefan provides evidence that Vogel now resides at an insane asylum inUkraine, and is soon scheduled to be interviewed by a local journalist. Although Mengele was initially registered under his own name, he was not identified as being on the major war criminal list due to the disorganization of the Allies regarding the distribution of wanted lists, and the fact that he did not have the usual SS blood group tattoo. Freevees new series will determine whos the greatest reality-TV contestant across. Dr. Lothaire D. Voegele is a Thoracic Surgeon in Aiken, SC. Since April 1944 Perl had been imprisoned in the Hungarian Women's Camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau, where she was . Front and center: Rachel's role in the 1965 dispatch of former concentration camp doctor Dieter Vogel. This film tells the story of the three agents. Its Munich-meets-Fast and Furious (Fast and Fuhrerious?). Dieter Vogel, also known as The Surgeon ofBirkenau, is the main antagonist in the 2010 remake of The Debt. (Known as the Surgeon of Birkenau, he's modeled on Josef Mengele). [70] His wife refused to accompany him, and they divorced in 1954. [124] In 2011, a further 31 volumes of Mengele's diaries were soldagain amidst protestsby the same auction house to an undisclosed collector of World War II memorabilia for US$245,000. This stuff plays to the strength of cinema, underlining the details of each strategy and the dangers it involves. [9], As Von Verschuer's assistant, Mengele focused on the genetic factors that result in a cleft lip and palate, or a cleft chin. [23][24][25], In 1942, Auschwitz II (Birkenau), originally intended to house slave laborers, began to be used instead as a combined labour camp and extermination camp. He was declared unfit for further active service in mid-1942, when he was seriously wounded in action near Rostov-on-Don. {{start_at_rate}} {{format_dollars}} {{start_price}} {{format_cents}} {{term}}, {{promotional_format_dollars}}{{promotional_price}}{{promotional_format_cents}} {{term}}, As supporters pray, Kim Pegula's father shares her words: 'I will continue to fight', Prayer and healing vigil for Bills and Sabres co-owner Kim Pegula scheduled for Saturday, WGRZ meteorologist Elyse Smith exiting station after three years, DeAndre Hopkins Watch: Receiver posts on Instagram, 'Who says I wanted to leave? [61], Along with several other Auschwitz doctors, Mengele transferred to Gross-Rosen concentration camp in Lower Silesia on 17 January 1945, taking with him two boxes of specimens and the records of his experiments at Auschwitz. Josef and Martha were married in 1958 while on holiday in Uruguay, and they bought a house in Buenos Aires. To be sure, the older actors get some excitement of their own, but by then, the plot has lost its way. Things you buy through our links may earnVox Mediaa commission. In a thriller, you must be sure. [52] The experiments he performed on twins included unnecessary amputation of limbs, intentionally infecting one twin with typhus or some other disease, and transfusing the blood of one twin into the other. He joined the Nazi Party in 1937 and the SS in 1938. In 1997 he ended up killing himself as a result. Josef Rudolf Mengele ([jozf ml] (listen); 16 March 1911 7 February 1979), also known as the Angel of Death (German: Todesengel),[1] was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) officer and physician during World WarII. The unidentified previous owner, who acquired the journals in Brazil, was reported to be close to the Mengele family. We have always claimed that Vogel was killed, trying to escape. The term surgeon is used in the movie The Debt to describe the character named Dr. Dieter Vogel, who is based on the real-life Dr. Josef Mengele. He performed deadly experiments on prisoners at the Auschwitz II (Birkenau) concentration camp, where he was a member of the team of doctors who selected victims to be killed in the gas chambers,[a] and was one of the doctors who administered the gas. In 1965 a three person Mossad team of Rachel Singer, David Peretz and Stefan Gold went to East Berlin to capture an infamous Nazi doctor called The Surgeon of Birkenau. So I knew that you people had. After a confrontation in which Vogel stabs her twice with scissors, Rachel kills Vogel by plunging a poisonedsyringeinto his back. Helen Mirren and all of the others in this great film are fantastic. 28 clinic in the main camp, he carried out assessments of prisoners attempting to gain admission to the hospital. This latter disease,widespread in theso-called Roma Family Camp,where Mengele had had a laboratory, had been previously almost unknown in Europe. The SS physicians who carried out pseudo-medical experiments in Auschwitz included: Carl Clauberg experimented with sterilization in the camp. Most recently, in the 2010 filmThe Debt(directed by John Madden), we hear the fictional Nazi Dieter Vogel, known also as the "Surgeon of Birkenau," insidiously proclaim: "You Jews never knew how to kill, only how to die. Origin There, we learn bit by deceptive bit what really happened to Vogel and his captors. Nevertheless, Rachel finally feels compelled to travel toKiev, where she investigates the journalist's lead and identifies the asylum. Agents who were following Rudel's movements also failed to produce any leads. Lies have piled up, and one way or another all three agents will emerge as tragic figures. Uber offering horse drawn carriage rides in honor of royal coronation. [4] Many of his victims were dispatched to the gas chambers after about two weeks, and their skeletons were sent to Berlin for further analysis. [90], Despite having provided Mengele with legal documents using his real name in 1956 (which had enabled him to formalize his permanent residency in Argentina), West Germany was now offering a reward for his capture. He goads, wheedles and whispers to each by turn, commenting on their personalities and relationships and pushing them to react. But after hearing news of the unexpected fate of the third team member, David (Ciaran Hinds), Rachel is forced to face the past and the secret they've been keeping for 30 years. [121] The skeleton is stored at the So Paulo Institute for Forensic Medicine, where it is used as an educational aid during forensic medicine courses at the University of So Paulo's medical school. hide caption, Pausing only occasionally to debate the threat of the secret service's unorthodox methods to Israeli and Jewish honor after Auschwitz, The Debt unfolds as a visceral action picture with high-minded trimmings. They succeed in the abduction, but fail in bringing him to the west side. The official reason was that he was shot as he attempted escape while being held by his Israeli captive (kiddenappers) in a safe house somewhere in Europe. It details how she shot their captured target, Dieter Vogel, otherwise known as the "Surgeon of Birkenau," when he attacked her and tried to escape. SS Physicians Friedrich Entress, Helmuth Vetter and Eduard Wirths. He soon volunteered for medical service in the Waffen-SS, the combat arm of the SS, where he served with the rank of SS-Untersturmfhrer ('second lieutenant') in a medical reserve battalion until November 1940. There's nothing intrinsically sacrilegious or vulgar about framing a Holocaust story as a thriller. David recognizes Stefan waiting in another vehicle and commits suicide by stepping in front of an oncoming truck. Detlev Vogel (born 1942) is a German historian who specialises in the history of Nazi Germany and World War II. While I may be overly sensitive on this point, the film seems to be focused on the lie the Israeli characters allowed to exist rather than on the unutterable evils perpetrated by the person they are hunting. [34] As part of his duties, Mengele made weekly visits to the hospital barracks and ordered any prisoners who had not recovered after two weeks in bed to be sent to the gas chambers. Mengeles first experimental subjects were Romachildren. [3][4] He was particularly interested in identical twins, people with heterochromia iridum (eyes of two different colors), dwarfs, and people with physical abnormalities. [88], In May 1960, Isser Harel, director of the Israeli intelligence agency Mossad, personally led the successful effort to capture Adolf Eichmann in Buenos Aires. The SS doctors did not administer treatment to the Auschwitz inmates but supervised the activities of inmate doctors who had been forced to work in the camp medical service. If the rest of the year keeps up at this pace, podcasting will be in a good creative place. In the thriller The Debt, a triumvirate drawn from the cream of British cinema Helen Mirren, Tom Wilkinson, Ciaran Hinds pools formidable talent to play retired Mossad agents living off the glory of a long-ago mission. To escape from them much as he can for deny his terrible war crimes against humanity (failed). [99] The Stammers' friendship with Mengele deteriorated in late 1974, and when they bought a house in So Paulo, he was not invited to join them. Some movies get by on the strength of their heroes. He next worked as a salesman for his family's farm equipment company, Karl Mengele & Sons, and in 1951 he began making frequent trips to Paraguay as a regional sales representative. Consider putting your feet in the stirrups for the Surgeon of Birkenau. After rescuing two German soldiers from a burning tank, he was decorated with the Iron Cross 1st Class, the Wound Badge in Black, and the Medal for the Care of the German People. Their father was founder of the Karl Mengele & Sons company (later renamed as Mengele Agrartechnik[de]), which produced farming machinery. Their mission is to captureNaziwar criminalDieter Vogel infamously known as "The Surgeon ofBirkenau" for his medical experimentsonJewsduringWorld War IIand bring him toIsraelto face justice. [125], "Mengele" redirects here. Stephan Gold : I thought I'd been punished already. Seen from a different perspective, there may be no telling what was really going on. Similar procedures were used for later epidemics of scarlet fever and other diseases, with infected prisoners being killed in the gas chambers. Arent you tired of lying? One character tells another, speaking of Vogels alleged death. Here, he presents himself as a choreographer of brutal action sequences designed more to goose our senses than to stimulate reflection on the ethics of extra-legal revenge. Harel's inquiries at a machine shop where Mengele had been part owner also failed to generate any leads, so he was forced to abandon the search. Masquerading as an infertile wife, Rachel engages the doctor in heavily allusive chats about experimental procedures before lunging at him with a sedating syringe. Martha and her son Karl Heinz followed about a month later, and the three began living together. On Mengeles orders, children suffering from noma were put to death in order for pathology investigations to be carried out. [79] Along with several other doctors, he was questioned in 1958 on suspicion of practicing medicine without a license when a teenage girl died after an abortion, but he was released without charge. Ruth Elias was pregnant when she was transferred from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz. Not saying we should start prepping but we should start prepping. [41] Mikls Nyiszli, a Hungarian Jewish pathologist who arrived in Auschwitz on 29 May 1944, performed dissections and prepared specimens for shipment in this laboratory. Chilling indeed. The myth of Mengele-at-large and the fantasy in which he gets his agonizing comeuppance is central to Jewish-penned paranoid thrillers like Marathon Man and The Boys From Brazil (in which Mengele is busy trying to clone der Fuhrer), and the bad doctor is surely the model for the extraterrestrial in Cowboys & Aliens that performs gruesome experiments on earthlings. Summaries The year is 1965. The film opens with the agents being welcomed on their return home to Israel. Under cover of night, the trio attempt their exfiltration atWollankstrasse Station, on a railway line along the sector boundary between East and West Berlin, and next to a mail depot. In 1965, Mossad Agents Rachel Singer (Jessica Chastain), Stephan Gold (Marton Csokas), and David Peretz (Sam Worthington) are assigned to kidnap Nazi Dieter Vogel, a.k.a. Once feared for his medical experiments on Jewish concentration-camp inmates, Vogel has by the '60s set himself up in a comfortable practice as a gynecologist. In fact he escaped and is now taking credit for his work at Birkenau in a hospital in Ukraine. Yet the movie's feverish hyper-plotting and grandiloquent overacting deplete all efforts at gravitas. This movie does some timeshifting between the time when the team tracked down and captured and then lost the Nazi war criminal Dieter Vogel, the feared Surgeon of Birkenau, in East Berlin and the late 90's when the score was finally settled.The closing scene will have you white-knucked while holding onto your chair. In June 1943, Clauberg wrote to Heinrich Himmler: Like Clauberg, Horst Schumann was searching for a convenient means of mass sterilization that would enable the Third Reich to carry out the biological destruction of conquered nations by scientific methods through depriving people of their reproductive capacity. In the wings, looking equally woeful, is her sometime lover David (Hinds), a tortured soul who's returned to Israel after wandering abroad for years. Chastain is certainly lovely to look at in the period clothes of the Mad Men era, but her character appears to vacillate between two states distressed and disconcerted and never seems to have a core competence, or even a sense of control, that would be a necessity for even a young Mossad agent. Crimes He has seen inside other Jews. [85] Working in West Germany, Nazi hunters Simon Wiesenthal and Hermann Langbein collected information from witnesses about Mengele's wartime activities. [3] His medical procedures showed no consideration for the victims' health, safety, or physical and emotional suffering. [11] In 1931 he joined Der Stahlhelm, a paramilitary organization that was absorbed into the Nazi Sturmabteilung ('Storm Detachment'; SA) in 1934. Mengele was promoted to the rank of SS-Hauptsturmfhrer ('captain') in April 1943. The hangar doors of an airplane that has just landed open, revealing a woman and two men standing silently at the hatch. (renews at {{format_dollars}}{{start_price}}{{format_cents}}/month + tax). [72] After a few weeks, he moved to the house of a Nazi sympathizer in the more affluent neighborhood of Florida Este. [66], After several months on the run, including a trip back to the Soviet-occupied area to recover his Auschwitz records, Mengele found work near Rosenheim as a farmhand. He received basic training in 1938 with the Gebirgsjger ('light infantry mountain troop') and was called up for service in the Wehrmacht (Nazi armed forces) in June 1940, some months after the outbreak of World War II. Dieter Vogel Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. Wiesenthal claimed to have information that placed Mengele on the Greek island of Kythnos in 1960,[109] in Cairo in 1961,[110] in Spain in 1971,[111] and in Paraguay in 1978, eighteen years after he had left the country. [59] Yitzhak Ganon, another survivor, reported in 2009 how Mengele removed his kidney without anesthesia. She reaches the room just minutes before the journalist and discovers the man claiming to be Vogel is an impostor, a senile old man who apparently fancies the notoriety. The killing of prisoners was also accompanied by research into the changes that occur in the human organism as a result of starvation in particular, liver atrophy (braune Atrophie). The three Mossad agents (one woman, two men) assigned to capture him in 1965 in East Berlin and smuggle him back to Israel for a public trial have lost loved ones to the Nazis and other enemies of their country, but they tackle their Mission: Impossiblelike stratagem with military efficiency at first. . Find Dr. Voegele's phone number, address, insurance information, hospital affiliations and more. In 1965,Mossadagent Rachel Singer arrives inEast Berlinto meet with fellow agents David Peretz and Stefan Gold . The selection of 115 persons (79 Jewish men, 30 Jewish women, 2 Poles, and 4 Asians probably Soviet POWs) and the preliminary preparation, consisting of biometrical measurements and the collection of personal data, were carried out by Hirts collaborator, SS-Hauptsturmfhrer Dr. Bruno Beger, who arrived in Auschwitz in the first half of 1943. [57] Mengele sought out pregnant women, on whom he would perform experiments before sending them to the gas chambers. He admitted Thinking Out Loud was actually inspired by Van Morrison, not Marvin Gaye. This research was still ongoing when the Romani camp was liquidated and its remaining occupants killed in 1944. The later scenes involve the publication of a book about the famous raid by Rachel's daughter. Unethical experimentationWar crimes Reprinted with permission. Following his recovery, he was transferred to the headquarters of the SS Race and Settlement Main Office in Berlin, at which point he resumed his association with VonVerschuer, who was now director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics. Other than that, enjoy Villains Wiki!!! Well, that is where the anomaly lay. Extensive forensic examination indicated with a high degree of probability that the body was indeed that of Josef Mengele. Nazi war criminal These preparations were given to prisoners suffering from contagious diseases, who had in many cases been deliberately infected. While the psychological depth of the older characters is deftly portrayed, Chastain as the young Rachel is too much of an incomprehensible cipher to carry a story of this weight. And now, justice calls. In no time, its apparent that Vogels will to live is diabolical, and that even the mighty Mossad is overmatched. [92] Gerhard had initially told the Stammers that the fugitive's name was "Peter Hochbichler", but they discovered his true identity in 1963. In the American version, one gets the sense that the Nazis are mere cartoons of evil, created long ago, and the real bad guys are the Israelis. Continuing newspaper coverage of his wartime activities, with accompanying photographs, led Mengele to relocate again in 1960. The agents are left with no choice but to bring Vogel to their apartment and plan a new extraction. Surveillance of the house did not reveal Mengele or any members of his family, and the neighborhood postman claimed that although Mengele had recently been receiving letters there under his real name, he had since relocated without leaving a forwarding address. Rated R for some language and violence. Alias [23][33] Mengele's application was accepted and he was posted to Auschwitz, where he was appointed by SS-Standortarzt Eduard Wirths, chief medical officer at Auschwitz, to the position of chief physician of the Zigeunerfamilienlager (Romani family camp) at Birkenau,[23][33] a subcamp located on the main Auschwitz complex. Based on entries in Mengele's journals and interviews with his friends, historians such as, Institute for Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics, "Ultra-Orthodox man buys diaries of Nazi doctor Mengele for $245,000", "Scientists Decide Brazil Skeleton Is Josef Mengele", "Revisiting Mengele's Malignant "Race Science", "Wiesenthal Center Praises Acquisition of Mengele's Diary", "In the Matter of Josef Mengele: A Report to the Attorney General of the United States", "Mengele an Abortionist, Argentine Files Suggest", "Discovery, development, and current applications of DNA identity testing", "Why One Auschwitz Survivor Avoided Doctors for 65 Years", "Remains of Mengele Rest Uneasily in Brazil", "Nazi doctor Josef Mengele's bones used in Brazil forensic medicine courses", "The Ethical Legacy of Nazi Medical War Crimes: Origins, Human Experiments, and International Justice", "Bemerkungen zum Lebenslauf von Josef Mengele unter besonderer Bercksichtigung seiner Frankfurter Zeit", "Historical Analysis of 20 Name Files from CIA Records", "Skeletons in the Closet of German Science", "How Nazi war criminal Josef Mengele cheated justice for 34 years", "His secret out, Rolf Mengele talks about his father", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Josef_Mengele&oldid=1151778207, This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 05:19.